Re: Previous mail

Hello everyone,

Unfortunately my gmail account got hacked (i can't believe this really happened with gmail, and i seriously wonder how it happened) 3 hours ago and my password was changed by somebody from Ho Chi Mihn City. So the last mail was sent out to everyone in my contact list.

Please be ware of any suspicious activity and if possible, consider making your password harder now.

Best Wishes!

Regards,

Arunesh

hi

http://www.catering-brasschaat.be/kr/saggqsgcbvze













catch.arnnie









7/21/2013 12:47:35 PM

Money Matters-Credit card Payment

Use of credit cards hav grown over the years & so, this is an important info for all the credit card users. You all must have gone into some merchant shop & decided to buy something on your card, just when the merchant says "2% extra if you choose to pay by card" & that 2% is never reflected on the bill. & most of the time we end up paying that 2%. Take a look at the newspaper(TOI) article below.

PLEASE STAND AGAINST SUCH MALPRACTISES AFTERALL ITS YOUR HARD EARNED MONEY!!

Petrol Station and Hand phone

Petrol Station and Hand phone

Save your brain

ALWAYS USE LEFT EAR FOR MOBILE PHONES

As received Save your brain

Please use left ear while using mobile phone, because if you use the right one it will affect brain directly.

This is a true fact from Apollo medical team.

Please forward to all your well wishers who use mobile phone.

Scientist Prove Einstein's Theory Wrong

It was supposed to be the one speed limit you cannot break.

But scientists claim to have demonstrated there is the possibility of travel faster than the speed of light.

The feat contradicts one of the key tenets of Einstein's special theory of relativity - that nothing, under any circumstances, can move faster than 186,000 miles per second, or the speed of light.


Speed of light beaten:
One of the key tenets of Einstein's theory of relativity is proved wrong
Travelling faster than light also, in theory, turns back time. According to conventional physics, an astronaut moving beyond light speed would arrive at his destination before leaving.
But two German physicists claim to have forced light to overcome its own speed limit using the strange phenomenon of quantum tunnelling, in which particles summon up the energy to cross an apparently uncrossable barrier.
Their experiments focused on the travel of microwave photons - energetic packets of light - through two prisms.
When the prisms were moved apart, most photons reflected off the first prism they encountered and were picked up by a detector.
But a few appeared to "tunnel" through a gap separating them as if the prisms were still held together.
Although these photons had travelled a longer distance, they arrived at their detector at the same time as the reflected photons. This suggests that the transit between the two prisms was faster than the speed of light.
Dr Gunter Nimtz, of the University of Koblenz, told the magazine New Scientist: "For the time being, this is the only violation of special relativity that I know of."

300, The Last Stand

For those who have seen the movie "300" & want to know the ultimate outcome.
Those who haven'e seen "300", then read this & definitely watch the movie.

The Last Stand Of The Brave 300 at The Battle Of Thermopylae.

In the Battle of Thermopylae of 480 BC, an alliance of Greek city-states fought the invading Persian Empire at the pass of Thermopylae in central Greece. Vastly outnumbered, the Greeks held back the Persians for three days in one of history's most famous last stands. A small force led by King Leonidas of Sparta blocked the only road through which the massive army of Xerxes I of Persia (Xerxes the Great) could pass. After three days of battle, a local resident named Ephialtes betrayed the Greeks by revealing a mountain path that led behind the Greek lines. Dismissing the rest of the army, King Leonidas stayed behind with 300 Spartans. The Persians succeeded in taking the pass but sustained heavy losses, extremely disproportionate to those of the Greeks. The fierce resistance of the Spartan-led army offered Athens the invaluable time to prepare for a decisive naval battle that would come to determine the outcome of the war. The subsequent Greek victory at the Battle of Salamis left much of the Persian Empire 's navy destroyed and Xerxes was forced to retreat back to Asia , leaving his army in Greece under Mardonius, who was to meet the Greeks in battle one last time. The Spartans assembled at full strength and led a pan-Greek army that defeated the Persians decisively at the Battle of Plataea, ending the Greco-Persian War and with it the expansion of the Persian Empire into Europe.

The performance of the defenders at the battle of Thermopylae is often used as an example of the advantages of training, equipment, and good use of terrain to maximize an army's potential, and has become a symbol of courage against overwhelming odds. Even more, both ancient and modern writers used the Battle of Thermopylae as an example of the superior power of a well trained army defending native soil.

There is also a large political significance of the Battle of Thermopylae, in that it was the first defining moment in which the disunified Greek city states came together to form a significant alliance. It also possibly signified the beginning of the end for the Persian empire - drawing strength from the Battle, the Greeks began forming assaults against the Persian Empire, as a national body rather than small city states.

Size of the Persian army

Primary sources

Xerxes I, King of Persia , had been preparing for years to continue the Greco-Persian Wars started by his father Darius I. In 481 BC , after four years of preparation, the Persian army and navy arrived in Asia Minor. A bridge of ships had been made at Abydos. This allowed the land forces to cross the Hellespont . Herodotus of Halicarnassus, who wrote the first history of this war, gave the size of Xerxes' army as follows:

Units	Numbers
Fleet crew	517,610
Infantry	1,700,000
Cavalry	80,000
Arabs and Libyans	20,000
Greek troops allied with Persians	324,000
Total	2,641,610

This is the account for the land armies present at Thermopylae. Regarding the total number of forces Xerxes I of Persia assembled to invade Greece (land army, fleet crew, etc.), this number is doubled in order to account for support troops and thus Herodotus reports that the total Persian force numbered 5,283,220 men, a figure which is regarded as erroneous by modern estimations. The poet Simonides, who was a contemporary, talks of four million. One century later, Ctesias of Cnidus gives 800,000 as the total number of the original army that met in Doriskos, Thrace , after crossing the Hellespont. Ctesias was Artaxerxes II of Persia's personal physician and wrote a history of Persia, which he claimed was based on Persian royal annals; however, the reliability of his work has been widely disputed both in Antiquity and by modern scholars.


Size of the Greek army

According to Herodotus, the Greek army included the following forces:

Units	Numbers
Spartans	300
Mantineans	500
Tegeans	500
Arcadian Orchomenos	120
Other Arcadians	1,000
Corinthians	400
Phlians	200
Mycenaeans	80
Thespians	700
Thebans	400
Phocians	1,000
Opuntian Locrians	13
Total	5,513

To this number must be added 1,000 other Lacedemonians (Spartan Hoplites) mentioned by Diodorus Siculus and perhaps 800 auxiliary troops from other Greek cities, bringing the total up to 7,000. A further 900 Helots (Spartan serfs) also fought at the battle. Diodorus gives 4,000 as the total of Greek troops, while Pausanias gives 11,200. Many modern historians, who usually consider Herodotus more reliable, prefer his claim of 7,000 men. The numbers changed later on in the battle as, under orders, the entire army retreated and only 2,000 Spartans, Helots, Thespians and Thebans remained.

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